You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
992 lines
32 KiB
992 lines
32 KiB
# axios
|
|
|
|
[](https://www.npmjs.org/package/axios)
|
|
[](https://cdnjs.com/libraries/axios)
|
|
|
|
[](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/axios/axios)
|
|
[](https://coveralls.io/r/mzabriskie/axios)
|
|
[](https://packagephobia.now.sh/result?p=axios)
|
|
[](http://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=axios)
|
|
[](https://gitter.im/mzabriskie/axios)
|
|
[](https://www.codetriage.com/axios/axios)
|
|
[](https://snyk.io/test/npm/axios)
|
|
|
|
Promise based HTTP client for the browser and node.js
|
|
|
|
> New axios docs website: [click here](https://axios-http.com/)
|
|
|
|
## Table of Contents
|
|
|
|
- [Features](#features)
|
|
- [Browser Support](#browser-support)
|
|
- [Installing](#installing)
|
|
- [Example](#example)
|
|
- [Axios API](#axios-api)
|
|
- [Request method aliases](#request-method-aliases)
|
|
- [Concurrency 👎](#concurrency-deprecated)
|
|
- [Creating an instance](#creating-an-instance)
|
|
- [Instance methods](#instance-methods)
|
|
- [Request Config](#request-config)
|
|
- [Response Schema](#response-schema)
|
|
- [Config Defaults](#config-defaults)
|
|
- [Global axios defaults](#global-axios-defaults)
|
|
- [Custom instance defaults](#custom-instance-defaults)
|
|
- [Config order of precedence](#config-order-of-precedence)
|
|
- [Interceptors](#interceptors)
|
|
- [Multiple Interceptors](#multiple-interceptors)
|
|
- [Handling Errors](#handling-errors)
|
|
- [Cancellation](#cancellation)
|
|
- [AbortController](#abortcontroller)
|
|
- [CancelToken 👎](#canceltoken-deprecated)
|
|
- [Using application/x-www-form-urlencoded format](#using-applicationx-www-form-urlencoded-format)
|
|
- [Browser](#browser)
|
|
- [Node.js](#nodejs)
|
|
- [Query string](#query-string)
|
|
- [Form data](#form-data)
|
|
- [Automatic serialization](#-automatic-serialization)
|
|
- [Manual FormData passing](#manual-formdata-passing)
|
|
- [Semver](#semver)
|
|
- [Promises](#promises)
|
|
- [TypeScript](#typescript)
|
|
- [Resources](#resources)
|
|
- [Credits](#credits)
|
|
- [License](#license)
|
|
|
|
## Features
|
|
|
|
- Make [XMLHttpRequests](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest) from the browser
|
|
- Make [http](http://nodejs.org/api/http.html) requests from node.js
|
|
- Supports the [Promise](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise) API
|
|
- Intercept request and response
|
|
- Transform request and response data
|
|
- Cancel requests
|
|
- Automatic transforms for JSON data
|
|
- Client side support for protecting against [XSRF](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery)
|
|
|
|
## Browser Support
|
|
|
|
 |  |  |  |  |  |
|
|
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
|
Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | 11 ✔ |
|
|
|
|
[](https://saucelabs.com/u/axios)
|
|
|
|
## Installing
|
|
|
|
Using npm:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
$ npm install axios
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Using bower:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
$ bower install axios
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Using yarn:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
$ yarn add axios
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Using jsDelivr CDN:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Using unpkg CDN:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Example
|
|
|
|
### note: CommonJS usage
|
|
In order to gain the TypeScript typings (for intellisense / autocomplete) while using CommonJS imports with `require()` use the following approach:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const axios = require('axios').default;
|
|
|
|
// axios.<method> will now provide autocomplete and parameter typings
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Performing a `GET` request
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const axios = require('axios').default;
|
|
|
|
// Make a request for a user with a given ID
|
|
axios.get('/user?ID=12345')
|
|
.then(function (response) {
|
|
// handle success
|
|
console.log(response);
|
|
})
|
|
.catch(function (error) {
|
|
// handle error
|
|
console.log(error);
|
|
})
|
|
.then(function () {
|
|
// always executed
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
// Optionally the request above could also be done as
|
|
axios.get('/user', {
|
|
params: {
|
|
ID: 12345
|
|
}
|
|
})
|
|
.then(function (response) {
|
|
console.log(response);
|
|
})
|
|
.catch(function (error) {
|
|
console.log(error);
|
|
})
|
|
.then(function () {
|
|
// always executed
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
// Want to use async/await? Add the `async` keyword to your outer function/method.
|
|
async function getUser() {
|
|
try {
|
|
const response = await axios.get('/user?ID=12345');
|
|
console.log(response);
|
|
} catch (error) {
|
|
console.error(error);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
> **NOTE:** `async/await` is part of ECMAScript 2017 and is not supported in Internet
|
|
> Explorer and older browsers, so use with caution.
|
|
|
|
Performing a `POST` request
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
axios.post('/user', {
|
|
firstName: 'Fred',
|
|
lastName: 'Flintstone'
|
|
})
|
|
.then(function (response) {
|
|
console.log(response);
|
|
})
|
|
.catch(function (error) {
|
|
console.log(error);
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Performing multiple concurrent requests
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
function getUserAccount() {
|
|
return axios.get('/user/12345');
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
function getUserPermissions() {
|
|
return axios.get('/user/12345/permissions');
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Promise.all([getUserAccount(), getUserPermissions()])
|
|
.then(function (results) {
|
|
const acct = results[0];
|
|
const perm = results[1];
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## axios API
|
|
|
|
Requests can be made by passing the relevant config to `axios`.
|
|
|
|
##### axios(config)
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
// Send a POST request
|
|
axios({
|
|
method: 'post',
|
|
url: '/user/12345',
|
|
data: {
|
|
firstName: 'Fred',
|
|
lastName: 'Flintstone'
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
// GET request for remote image in node.js
|
|
axios({
|
|
method: 'get',
|
|
url: 'http://bit.ly/2mTM3nY',
|
|
responseType: 'stream'
|
|
})
|
|
.then(function (response) {
|
|
response.data.pipe(fs.createWriteStream('ada_lovelace.jpg'))
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
##### axios(url[, config])
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
// Send a GET request (default method)
|
|
axios('/user/12345');
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Request method aliases
|
|
|
|
For convenience, aliases have been provided for all common request methods.
|
|
|
|
##### axios.request(config)
|
|
##### axios.get(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios.delete(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios.head(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios.options(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios.post(url[, data[, config]])
|
|
##### axios.put(url[, data[, config]])
|
|
##### axios.patch(url[, data[, config]])
|
|
|
|
###### NOTE
|
|
When using the alias methods `url`, `method`, and `data` properties don't need to be specified in config.
|
|
|
|
### Concurrency (Deprecated)
|
|
Please use `Promise.all` to replace the below functions.
|
|
|
|
Helper functions for dealing with concurrent requests.
|
|
|
|
axios.all(iterable)
|
|
axios.spread(callback)
|
|
|
|
### Creating an instance
|
|
|
|
You can create a new instance of axios with a custom config.
|
|
|
|
##### axios.create([config])
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const instance = axios.create({
|
|
baseURL: 'https://some-domain.com/api/',
|
|
timeout: 1000,
|
|
headers: {'X-Custom-Header': 'foobar'}
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Instance methods
|
|
|
|
The available instance methods are listed below. The specified config will be merged with the instance config.
|
|
|
|
##### axios#request(config)
|
|
##### axios#get(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios#delete(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios#head(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios#options(url[, config])
|
|
##### axios#post(url[, data[, config]])
|
|
##### axios#put(url[, data[, config]])
|
|
##### axios#patch(url[, data[, config]])
|
|
##### axios#getUri([config])
|
|
|
|
## Request Config
|
|
|
|
These are the available config options for making requests. Only the `url` is required. Requests will default to `GET` if `method` is not specified.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
{
|
|
// `url` is the server URL that will be used for the request
|
|
url: '/user',
|
|
|
|
// `method` is the request method to be used when making the request
|
|
method: 'get', // default
|
|
|
|
// `baseURL` will be prepended to `url` unless `url` is absolute.
|
|
// It can be convenient to set `baseURL` for an instance of axios to pass relative URLs
|
|
// to methods of that instance.
|
|
baseURL: 'https://some-domain.com/api/',
|
|
|
|
// `transformRequest` allows changes to the request data before it is sent to the server
|
|
// This is only applicable for request methods 'PUT', 'POST', 'PATCH' and 'DELETE'
|
|
// The last function in the array must return a string or an instance of Buffer, ArrayBuffer,
|
|
// FormData or Stream
|
|
// You may modify the headers object.
|
|
transformRequest: [function (data, headers) {
|
|
// Do whatever you want to transform the data
|
|
|
|
return data;
|
|
}],
|
|
|
|
// `transformResponse` allows changes to the response data to be made before
|
|
// it is passed to then/catch
|
|
transformResponse: [function (data) {
|
|
// Do whatever you want to transform the data
|
|
|
|
return data;
|
|
}],
|
|
|
|
// `headers` are custom headers to be sent
|
|
headers: {'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'},
|
|
|
|
// `params` are the URL parameters to be sent with the request
|
|
// Must be a plain object or a URLSearchParams object
|
|
params: {
|
|
ID: 12345
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `paramsSerializer` is an optional function in charge of serializing `params`
|
|
// (e.g. https://www.npmjs.com/package/qs, http://api.jquery.com/jquery.param/)
|
|
paramsSerializer: function (params) {
|
|
return Qs.stringify(params, {arrayFormat: 'brackets'})
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `data` is the data to be sent as the request body
|
|
// Only applicable for request methods 'PUT', 'POST', 'DELETE , and 'PATCH'
|
|
// When no `transformRequest` is set, must be of one of the following types:
|
|
// - string, plain object, ArrayBuffer, ArrayBufferView, URLSearchParams
|
|
// - Browser only: FormData, File, Blob
|
|
// - Node only: Stream, Buffer
|
|
data: {
|
|
firstName: 'Fred'
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// syntax alternative to send data into the body
|
|
// method post
|
|
// only the value is sent, not the key
|
|
data: 'Country=Brasil&City=Belo Horizonte',
|
|
|
|
// `timeout` specifies the number of milliseconds before the request times out.
|
|
// If the request takes longer than `timeout`, the request will be aborted.
|
|
timeout: 1000, // default is `0` (no timeout)
|
|
|
|
// `withCredentials` indicates whether or not cross-site Access-Control requests
|
|
// should be made using credentials
|
|
withCredentials: false, // default
|
|
|
|
// `adapter` allows custom handling of requests which makes testing easier.
|
|
// Return a promise and supply a valid response (see lib/adapters/README.md).
|
|
adapter: function (config) {
|
|
/* ... */
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `auth` indicates that HTTP Basic auth should be used, and supplies credentials.
|
|
// This will set an `Authorization` header, overwriting any existing
|
|
// `Authorization` custom headers you have set using `headers`.
|
|
// Please note that only HTTP Basic auth is configurable through this parameter.
|
|
// For Bearer tokens and such, use `Authorization` custom headers instead.
|
|
auth: {
|
|
username: 'janedoe',
|
|
password: 's00pers3cret'
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `responseType` indicates the type of data that the server will respond with
|
|
// options are: 'arraybuffer', 'document', 'json', 'text', 'stream'
|
|
// browser only: 'blob'
|
|
responseType: 'json', // default
|
|
|
|
// `responseEncoding` indicates encoding to use for decoding responses (Node.js only)
|
|
// Note: Ignored for `responseType` of 'stream' or client-side requests
|
|
responseEncoding: 'utf8', // default
|
|
|
|
// `xsrfCookieName` is the name of the cookie to use as a value for xsrf token
|
|
xsrfCookieName: 'XSRF-TOKEN', // default
|
|
|
|
// `xsrfHeaderName` is the name of the http header that carries the xsrf token value
|
|
xsrfHeaderName: 'X-XSRF-TOKEN', // default
|
|
|
|
// `onUploadProgress` allows handling of progress events for uploads
|
|
// browser only
|
|
onUploadProgress: function (progressEvent) {
|
|
// Do whatever you want with the native progress event
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `onDownloadProgress` allows handling of progress events for downloads
|
|
// browser only
|
|
onDownloadProgress: function (progressEvent) {
|
|
// Do whatever you want with the native progress event
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `maxContentLength` defines the max size of the http response content in bytes allowed in node.js
|
|
maxContentLength: 2000,
|
|
|
|
// `maxBodyLength` (Node only option) defines the max size of the http request content in bytes allowed
|
|
maxBodyLength: 2000,
|
|
|
|
// `validateStatus` defines whether to resolve or reject the promise for a given
|
|
// HTTP response status code. If `validateStatus` returns `true` (or is set to `null`
|
|
// or `undefined`), the promise will be resolved; otherwise, the promise will be
|
|
// rejected.
|
|
validateStatus: function (status) {
|
|
return status >= 200 && status < 300; // default
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `maxRedirects` defines the maximum number of redirects to follow in node.js.
|
|
// If set to 0, no redirects will be followed.
|
|
maxRedirects: 21, // default
|
|
|
|
// `beforeRedirect` defines a function that will be called before redirect.
|
|
// Use this to adjust the request options upon redirecting,
|
|
// to inspect the latest response headers,
|
|
// or to cancel the request by throwing an error
|
|
// If maxRedirects is set to 0, `beforeRedirect` is not used.
|
|
beforeRedirect: (options, { headers }) => {
|
|
if (options.hostname === "example.com") {
|
|
options.auth = "user:password";
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
// `socketPath` defines a UNIX Socket to be used in node.js.
|
|
// e.g. '/var/run/docker.sock' to send requests to the docker daemon.
|
|
// Only either `socketPath` or `proxy` can be specified.
|
|
// If both are specified, `socketPath` is used.
|
|
socketPath: null, // default
|
|
|
|
// `httpAgent` and `httpsAgent` define a custom agent to be used when performing http
|
|
// and https requests, respectively, in node.js. This allows options to be added like
|
|
// `keepAlive` that are not enabled by default.
|
|
httpAgent: new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true }),
|
|
httpsAgent: new https.Agent({ keepAlive: true }),
|
|
|
|
// `proxy` defines the hostname, port, and protocol of the proxy server.
|
|
// You can also define your proxy using the conventional `http_proxy` and
|
|
// `https_proxy` environment variables. If you are using environment variables
|
|
// for your proxy configuration, you can also define a `no_proxy` environment
|
|
// variable as a comma-separated list of domains that should not be proxied.
|
|
// Use `false` to disable proxies, ignoring environment variables.
|
|
// `auth` indicates that HTTP Basic auth should be used to connect to the proxy, and
|
|
// supplies credentials.
|
|
// This will set an `Proxy-Authorization` header, overwriting any existing
|
|
// `Proxy-Authorization` custom headers you have set using `headers`.
|
|
// If the proxy server uses HTTPS, then you must set the protocol to `https`.
|
|
proxy: {
|
|
protocol: 'https',
|
|
host: '127.0.0.1',
|
|
port: 9000,
|
|
auth: {
|
|
username: 'mikeymike',
|
|
password: 'rapunz3l'
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
// `cancelToken` specifies a cancel token that can be used to cancel the request
|
|
// (see Cancellation section below for details)
|
|
cancelToken: new CancelToken(function (cancel) {
|
|
}),
|
|
|
|
// an alternative way to cancel Axios requests using AbortController
|
|
signal: new AbortController().signal,
|
|
|
|
// `decompress` indicates whether or not the response body should be decompressed
|
|
// automatically. If set to `true` will also remove the 'content-encoding' header
|
|
// from the responses objects of all decompressed responses
|
|
// - Node only (XHR cannot turn off decompression)
|
|
decompress: true // default
|
|
|
|
// `insecureHTTPParser` boolean.
|
|
// Indicates where to use an insecure HTTP parser that accepts invalid HTTP headers.
|
|
// This may allow interoperability with non-conformant HTTP implementations.
|
|
// Using the insecure parser should be avoided.
|
|
// see options https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v12.x/docs/api/http.html#http_http_request_url_options_callback
|
|
// see also https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/february-2020-security-releases/#strict-http-header-parsing-none
|
|
insecureHTTPParser: undefined // default
|
|
|
|
// transitional options for backward compatibility that may be removed in the newer versions
|
|
transitional: {
|
|
// silent JSON parsing mode
|
|
// `true` - ignore JSON parsing errors and set response.data to null if parsing failed (old behaviour)
|
|
// `false` - throw SyntaxError if JSON parsing failed (Note: responseType must be set to 'json')
|
|
silentJSONParsing: true, // default value for the current Axios version
|
|
|
|
// try to parse the response string as JSON even if `responseType` is not 'json'
|
|
forcedJSONParsing: true,
|
|
|
|
// throw ETIMEDOUT error instead of generic ECONNABORTED on request timeouts
|
|
clarifyTimeoutError: false,
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
env: {
|
|
// The FormData class to be used to automatically serialize the payload into a FormData object
|
|
FormData: window?.FormData || global?.FormData
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Response Schema
|
|
|
|
The response for a request contains the following information.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
{
|
|
// `data` is the response that was provided by the server
|
|
data: {},
|
|
|
|
// `status` is the HTTP status code from the server response
|
|
status: 200,
|
|
|
|
// `statusText` is the HTTP status message from the server response
|
|
statusText: 'OK',
|
|
|
|
// `headers` the HTTP headers that the server responded with
|
|
// All header names are lower cased and can be accessed using the bracket notation.
|
|
// Example: `response.headers['content-type']`
|
|
headers: {},
|
|
|
|
// `config` is the config that was provided to `axios` for the request
|
|
config: {},
|
|
|
|
// `request` is the request that generated this response
|
|
// It is the last ClientRequest instance in node.js (in redirects)
|
|
// and an XMLHttpRequest instance in the browser
|
|
request: {}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
When using `then`, you will receive the response as follows:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
axios.get('/user/12345')
|
|
.then(function (response) {
|
|
console.log(response.data);
|
|
console.log(response.status);
|
|
console.log(response.statusText);
|
|
console.log(response.headers);
|
|
console.log(response.config);
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
When using `catch`, or passing a [rejection callback](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/then) as second parameter of `then`, the response will be available through the `error` object as explained in the [Handling Errors](#handling-errors) section.
|
|
|
|
## Config Defaults
|
|
|
|
You can specify config defaults that will be applied to every request.
|
|
|
|
### Global axios defaults
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
axios.defaults.baseURL = 'https://api.example.com';
|
|
|
|
// Important: If axios is used with multiple domains, the AUTH_TOKEN will be sent to all of them.
|
|
// See below for an example using Custom instance defaults instead.
|
|
axios.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'] = AUTH_TOKEN;
|
|
|
|
axios.defaults.headers.post['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Custom instance defaults
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
// Set config defaults when creating the instance
|
|
const instance = axios.create({
|
|
baseURL: 'https://api.example.com'
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
// Alter defaults after instance has been created
|
|
instance.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'] = AUTH_TOKEN;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Config order of precedence
|
|
|
|
Config will be merged with an order of precedence. The order is library defaults found in [lib/defaults.js](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/master/lib/defaults.js#L28), then `defaults` property of the instance, and finally `config` argument for the request. The latter will take precedence over the former. Here's an example.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
// Create an instance using the config defaults provided by the library
|
|
// At this point the timeout config value is `0` as is the default for the library
|
|
const instance = axios.create();
|
|
|
|
// Override timeout default for the library
|
|
// Now all requests using this instance will wait 2.5 seconds before timing out
|
|
instance.defaults.timeout = 2500;
|
|
|
|
// Override timeout for this request as it's known to take a long time
|
|
instance.get('/longRequest', {
|
|
timeout: 5000
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Interceptors
|
|
|
|
You can intercept requests or responses before they are handled by `then` or `catch`.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
// Add a request interceptor
|
|
axios.interceptors.request.use(function (config) {
|
|
// Do something before request is sent
|
|
return config;
|
|
}, function (error) {
|
|
// Do something with request error
|
|
return Promise.reject(error);
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
// Add a response interceptor
|
|
axios.interceptors.response.use(function (response) {
|
|
// Any status code that lie within the range of 2xx cause this function to trigger
|
|
// Do something with response data
|
|
return response;
|
|
}, function (error) {
|
|
// Any status codes that falls outside the range of 2xx cause this function to trigger
|
|
// Do something with response error
|
|
return Promise.reject(error);
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If you need to remove an interceptor later you can.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const myInterceptor = axios.interceptors.request.use(function () {/*...*/});
|
|
axios.interceptors.request.eject(myInterceptor);
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can add interceptors to a custom instance of axios.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const instance = axios.create();
|
|
instance.interceptors.request.use(function () {/*...*/});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
When you add request interceptors, they are presumed to be asynchronous by default. This can cause a delay
|
|
in the execution of your axios request when the main thread is blocked (a promise is created under the hood for
|
|
the interceptor and your request gets put on the bottom of the call stack). If your request interceptors are synchronous you can add a flag
|
|
to the options object that will tell axios to run the code synchronously and avoid any delays in request execution.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
axios.interceptors.request.use(function (config) {
|
|
config.headers.test = 'I am only a header!';
|
|
return config;
|
|
}, null, { synchronous: true });
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If you want to execute a particular interceptor based on a runtime check,
|
|
you can add a `runWhen` function to the options object. The interceptor will not be executed **if and only if** the return
|
|
of `runWhen` is `false`. The function will be called with the config
|
|
object (don't forget that you can bind your own arguments to it as well.) This can be handy when you have an
|
|
asynchronous request interceptor that only needs to run at certain times.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
function onGetCall(config) {
|
|
return config.method === 'get';
|
|
}
|
|
axios.interceptors.request.use(function (config) {
|
|
config.headers.test = 'special get headers';
|
|
return config;
|
|
}, null, { runWhen: onGetCall });
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Multiple Interceptors
|
|
|
|
Given you add multiple response interceptors
|
|
and when the response was fulfilled
|
|
- then each interceptor is executed
|
|
- then they are executed in the order they were added
|
|
- then only the last interceptor's result is returned
|
|
- then every interceptor receives the result of it's predecessor
|
|
- and when the fulfillment-interceptor throws
|
|
- then the following fulfillment-interceptor is not called
|
|
- then the following rejection-interceptor is called
|
|
- once caught, another following fulfill-interceptor is called again (just like in a promise chain).
|
|
|
|
Read [the interceptor tests](./test/specs/interceptors.spec.js) for seeing all this in code.
|
|
|
|
## Handling Errors
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
axios.get('/user/12345')
|
|
.catch(function (error) {
|
|
if (error.response) {
|
|
// The request was made and the server responded with a status code
|
|
// that falls out of the range of 2xx
|
|
console.log(error.response.data);
|
|
console.log(error.response.status);
|
|
console.log(error.response.headers);
|
|
} else if (error.request) {
|
|
// The request was made but no response was received
|
|
// `error.request` is an instance of XMLHttpRequest in the browser and an instance of
|
|
// http.ClientRequest in node.js
|
|
console.log(error.request);
|
|
} else {
|
|
// Something happened in setting up the request that triggered an Error
|
|
console.log('Error', error.message);
|
|
}
|
|
console.log(error.config);
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Using the `validateStatus` config option, you can define HTTP code(s) that should throw an error.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
axios.get('/user/12345', {
|
|
validateStatus: function (status) {
|
|
return status < 500; // Resolve only if the status code is less than 500
|
|
}
|
|
})
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Using `toJSON` you get an object with more information about the HTTP error.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
axios.get('/user/12345')
|
|
.catch(function (error) {
|
|
console.log(error.toJSON());
|
|
});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Cancellation
|
|
|
|
### AbortController
|
|
|
|
Starting from `v0.22.0` Axios supports AbortController to cancel requests in fetch API way:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const controller = new AbortController();
|
|
|
|
axios.get('/foo/bar', {
|
|
signal: controller.signal
|
|
}).then(function(response) {
|
|
//...
|
|
});
|
|
// cancel the request
|
|
controller.abort()
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### CancelToken `👎deprecated`
|
|
|
|
You can also cancel a request using a *CancelToken*.
|
|
|
|
> The axios cancel token API is based on the withdrawn [cancelable promises proposal](https://github.com/tc39/proposal-cancelable-promises).
|
|
|
|
> This API is deprecated since v0.22.0 and shouldn't be used in new projects
|
|
|
|
You can create a cancel token using the `CancelToken.source` factory as shown below:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const CancelToken = axios.CancelToken;
|
|
const source = CancelToken.source();
|
|
|
|
axios.get('/user/12345', {
|
|
cancelToken: source.token
|
|
}).catch(function (thrown) {
|
|
if (axios.isCancel(thrown)) {
|
|
console.log('Request canceled', thrown.message);
|
|
} else {
|
|
// handle error
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
axios.post('/user/12345', {
|
|
name: 'new name'
|
|
}, {
|
|
cancelToken: source.token
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
// cancel the request (the message parameter is optional)
|
|
source.cancel('Operation canceled by the user.');
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can also create a cancel token by passing an executor function to the `CancelToken` constructor:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const CancelToken = axios.CancelToken;
|
|
let cancel;
|
|
|
|
axios.get('/user/12345', {
|
|
cancelToken: new CancelToken(function executor(c) {
|
|
// An executor function receives a cancel function as a parameter
|
|
cancel = c;
|
|
})
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
// cancel the request
|
|
cancel();
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
> Note: you can cancel several requests with the same cancel token/abort controller.
|
|
> If a cancellation token is already cancelled at the moment of starting an Axios request, then the request is cancelled immediately, without any attempts to make real request.
|
|
|
|
> During the transition period, you can use both cancellation APIs, even for the same request:
|
|
|
|
## Using application/x-www-form-urlencoded format
|
|
|
|
By default, axios serializes JavaScript objects to `JSON`. To send data in the `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format instead, you can use one of the following options.
|
|
|
|
### Browser
|
|
|
|
In a browser, you can use the [`URLSearchParams`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams) API as follows:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const params = new URLSearchParams();
|
|
params.append('param1', 'value1');
|
|
params.append('param2', 'value2');
|
|
axios.post('/foo', params);
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
> Note that `URLSearchParams` is not supported by all browsers (see [caniuse.com](http://www.caniuse.com/#feat=urlsearchparams)), but there is a [polyfill](https://github.com/WebReflection/url-search-params) available (make sure to polyfill the global environment).
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, you can encode data using the [`qs`](https://github.com/ljharb/qs) library:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const qs = require('qs');
|
|
axios.post('/foo', qs.stringify({ 'bar': 123 }));
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Or in another way (ES6),
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
import qs from 'qs';
|
|
const data = { 'bar': 123 };
|
|
const options = {
|
|
method: 'POST',
|
|
headers: { 'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' },
|
|
data: qs.stringify(data),
|
|
url,
|
|
};
|
|
axios(options);
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Node.js
|
|
|
|
#### Query string
|
|
|
|
In node.js, you can use the [`querystring`](https://nodejs.org/api/querystring.html) module as follows:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const querystring = require('querystring');
|
|
axios.post('http://something.com/', querystring.stringify({ foo: 'bar' }));
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
or ['URLSearchParams'](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#url_class_urlsearchparams) from ['url module'](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html) as follows:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const url = require('url');
|
|
const params = new url.URLSearchParams({ foo: 'bar' });
|
|
axios.post('http://something.com/', params.toString());
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can also use the [`qs`](https://github.com/ljharb/qs) library.
|
|
|
|
> NOTE:
|
|
> The `qs` library is preferable if you need to stringify nested objects, as the `querystring` method has [known issues](https://github.com/nodejs/node-v0.x-archive/issues/1665) with that use case.
|
|
|
|
#### Form data
|
|
|
|
##### 🆕 Automatic serialization
|
|
|
|
Starting from `v0.27.0`, Axios supports automatic object serialization to a FormData object if the request `Content-Type`
|
|
header is set to `multipart/form-data`.
|
|
|
|
The following request will submit the data in a FormData format (Browser & Node.js):
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
import axios from 'axios';
|
|
|
|
axios.post('https://httpbin.org/post', {x: 1}, {
|
|
headers: {
|
|
'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'
|
|
}
|
|
}).then(({data})=> console.log(data));
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
In the `node.js` build, the ([`form-data`](https://github.com/form-data/form-data)) polyfill is used by default.
|
|
|
|
You can overload the FormData class by setting the `env.FormData` config variable,
|
|
but you probably won't need it in most cases:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const axios= require('axios');
|
|
var FormData = require('form-data');
|
|
|
|
axios.post('https://httpbin.org/post', {x: 1, buf: new Buffer(10)}, {
|
|
headers: {
|
|
'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'
|
|
}
|
|
}).then(({data})=> console.log(data));
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Axios FormData serializer supports some special endings to perform the following operations:
|
|
|
|
- `{}` - serialize the value with JSON.stringify
|
|
- `[]` - unwrap the array like object as separate fields with the same key
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const axios= require('axios');
|
|
|
|
axios.post('https://httpbin.org/post', {
|
|
'myObj{}': {x: 1, s: "foo"},
|
|
'files[]': document.querySelector('#fileInput').files
|
|
}, {
|
|
headers: {
|
|
'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'
|
|
}
|
|
}).then(({data})=> console.log(data));
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Axios supports the following shortcut methods: `postForm`, `putForm`, `patchForm`
|
|
which are just the corresponding http methods with a header preset: `Content-Type`: `multipart/form-data`.
|
|
|
|
FileList object can be passed directly:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
await axios.postForm('https://httpbin.org/post', document.querySelector('#fileInput').files)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
All files will be sent with the same field names: `files[]`;
|
|
|
|
##### Manual FormData passing
|
|
|
|
In node.js, you can use the [`form-data`](https://github.com/form-data/form-data) library as follows:
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const FormData = require('form-data');
|
|
|
|
const form = new FormData();
|
|
form.append('my_field', 'my value');
|
|
form.append('my_buffer', new Buffer(10));
|
|
form.append('my_file', fs.createReadStream('/foo/bar.jpg'));
|
|
|
|
axios.post('https://example.com', form)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Semver
|
|
|
|
Until axios reaches a `1.0` release, breaking changes will be released with a new minor version. For example `0.5.1`, and `0.5.4` will have the same API, but `0.6.0` will have breaking changes.
|
|
|
|
## Promises
|
|
|
|
axios depends on a native ES6 Promise implementation to be [supported](http://caniuse.com/promises).
|
|
If your environment doesn't support ES6 Promises, you can [polyfill](https://github.com/jakearchibald/es6-promise).
|
|
|
|
## TypeScript
|
|
|
|
axios includes [TypeScript](http://typescriptlang.org) definitions and a type guard for axios errors.
|
|
|
|
```typescript
|
|
let user: User = null;
|
|
try {
|
|
const { data } = await axios.get('/user?ID=12345');
|
|
user = data.userDetails;
|
|
} catch (error) {
|
|
if (axios.isAxiosError(error)) {
|
|
handleAxiosError(error);
|
|
} else {
|
|
handleUnexpectedError(error);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Online one-click setup
|
|
|
|
You can use Gitpod an online IDE(which is free for Open Source) for contributing or running the examples online.
|
|
|
|
[](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/master/examples/server.js)
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Resources
|
|
|
|
* [Changelog](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
|
|
* [Upgrade Guide](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/master/UPGRADE_GUIDE.md)
|
|
* [Ecosystem](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/master/ECOSYSTEM.md)
|
|
* [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
|
|
* [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/axios/axios/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
|
|
|
|
## Credits
|
|
|
|
axios is heavily inspired by the [$http service](https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng/service/$http) provided in [AngularJS](https://angularjs.org/). Ultimately axios is an effort to provide a standalone `$http`-like service for use outside of AngularJS.
|
|
|
|
## License
|
|
|
|
[MIT](LICENSE)
|