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					328 lines
				
				9.3 KiB
			| 
								 
											3 years ago
										 
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								# send
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								[![NPM Version][npm-version-image]][npm-url]
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								[![NPM Downloads][npm-downloads-image]][npm-url]
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								[![Linux Build][github-actions-ci-image]][github-actions-ci-url]
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								[![Windows Build][appveyor-image]][appveyor-url]
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								[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
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								Send is a library for streaming files from the file system as a http response
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								supporting partial responses (Ranges), conditional-GET negotiation (If-Match,
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								If-Unmodified-Since, If-None-Match, If-Modified-Since), high test coverage,
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								and granular events which may be leveraged to take appropriate actions in your
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								application or framework.
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								Looking to serve up entire folders mapped to URLs? Try [serve-static](https://www.npmjs.org/package/serve-static).
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								## Installation
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								This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
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								[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
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								[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
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								```bash
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								$ npm install send
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								```
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								## API
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								```js
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								var send = require('send')
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								```
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								### send(req, path, [options])
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								Create a new `SendStream` for the given path to send to a `res`. The `req` is
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								the Node.js HTTP request and the `path` is a urlencoded path to send (urlencoded,
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								not the actual file-system path).
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								#### Options
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								##### acceptRanges
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								Enable or disable accepting ranged requests, defaults to true.
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								Disabling this will not send `Accept-Ranges` and ignore the contents
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								of the `Range` request header.
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								##### cacheControl
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								Enable or disable setting `Cache-Control` response header, defaults to
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								true. Disabling this will ignore the `immutable` and `maxAge` options.
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								##### dotfiles
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								Set how "dotfiles" are treated when encountered. A dotfile is a file
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								or directory that begins with a dot ("."). Note this check is done on
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								the path itself without checking if the path actually exists on the
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								disk. If `root` is specified, only the dotfiles above the root are
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								checked (i.e. the root itself can be within a dotfile when when set
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								to "deny").
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								  - `'allow'` No special treatment for dotfiles.
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								  - `'deny'` Send a 403 for any request for a dotfile.
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								  - `'ignore'` Pretend like the dotfile does not exist and 404.
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								The default value is _similar_ to `'ignore'`, with the exception that
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								this default will not ignore the files within a directory that begins
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								with a dot, for backward-compatibility.
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								##### end
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								Byte offset at which the stream ends, defaults to the length of the file
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								minus 1. The end is inclusive in the stream, meaning `end: 3` will include
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								the 4th byte in the stream.
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								##### etag
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								Enable or disable etag generation, defaults to true.
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								##### extensions
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								If a given file doesn't exist, try appending one of the given extensions,
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								in the given order. By default, this is disabled (set to `false`). An
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								example value that will serve extension-less HTML files: `['html', 'htm']`.
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								This is skipped if the requested file already has an extension.
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								##### immutable
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								Enable or disable the `immutable` directive in the `Cache-Control` response
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								header, defaults to `false`. If set to `true`, the `maxAge` option should
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								also be specified to enable caching. The `immutable` directive will prevent
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								supported clients from making conditional requests during the life of the
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								`maxAge` option to check if the file has changed.
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								##### index
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								By default send supports "index.html" files, to disable this
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								set `false` or to supply a new index pass a string or an array
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								in preferred order.
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								##### lastModified
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								Enable or disable `Last-Modified` header, defaults to true. Uses the file
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								system's last modified value.
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								##### maxAge
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								Provide a max-age in milliseconds for http caching, defaults to 0.
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								This can also be a string accepted by the
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								[ms](https://www.npmjs.org/package/ms#readme) module.
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								##### root
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								Serve files relative to `path`.
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								##### start
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								Byte offset at which the stream starts, defaults to 0. The start is inclusive,
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								meaning `start: 2` will include the 3rd byte in the stream.
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								#### Events
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								The `SendStream` is an event emitter and will emit the following events:
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								  - `error` an error occurred `(err)`
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								  - `directory` a directory was requested `(res, path)`
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								  - `file` a file was requested `(path, stat)`
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								  - `headers` the headers are about to be set on a file `(res, path, stat)`
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								  - `stream` file streaming has started `(stream)`
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								  - `end` streaming has completed
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								#### .pipe
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								The `pipe` method is used to pipe the response into the Node.js HTTP response
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								object, typically `send(req, path, options).pipe(res)`.
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								### .mime
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								The `mime` export is the global instance of of the
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								[`mime` npm module](https://www.npmjs.com/package/mime).
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								This is used to configure the MIME types that are associated with file extensions
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								as well as other options for how to resolve the MIME type of a file (like the
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								default type to use for an unknown file extension).
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								## Error-handling
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								By default when no `error` listeners are present an automatic response will be
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								made, otherwise you have full control over the response, aka you may show a 5xx
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								page etc.
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								## Caching
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								It does _not_ perform internal caching, you should use a reverse proxy cache
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								such as Varnish for this, or those fancy things called CDNs. If your
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								application is small enough that it would benefit from single-node memory
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								caching, it's small enough that it does not need caching at all ;).
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								## Debugging
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								To enable `debug()` instrumentation output export __DEBUG__:
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								```
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								$ DEBUG=send node app
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								```
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								## Running tests
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								```
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								$ npm install
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								$ npm test
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								```
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								## Examples
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								### Serve a specific file
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								This simple example will send a specific file to all requests.
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								```js
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								var http = require('http')
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								var send = require('send')
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								var server = http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
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								  send(req, '/path/to/index.html')
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								    .pipe(res)
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								})
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								server.listen(3000)
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								```
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								### Serve all files from a directory
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								This simple example will just serve up all the files in a
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								given directory as the top-level. For example, a request
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								`GET /foo.txt` will send back `/www/public/foo.txt`.
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								```js
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								var http = require('http')
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								var parseUrl = require('parseurl')
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								var send = require('send')
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								var server = http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
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								  send(req, parseUrl(req).pathname, { root: '/www/public' })
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								    .pipe(res)
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								})
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								server.listen(3000)
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								```
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								### Custom file types
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								```js
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								var http = require('http')
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								var parseUrl = require('parseurl')
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								var send = require('send')
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								// Default unknown types to text/plain
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								send.mime.default_type = 'text/plain'
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								// Add a custom type
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								send.mime.define({
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								  'application/x-my-type': ['x-mt', 'x-mtt']
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								})
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								var server = http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
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								  send(req, parseUrl(req).pathname, { root: '/www/public' })
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								    .pipe(res)
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								})
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								server.listen(3000)
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								```
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								### Custom directory index view
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								This is a example of serving up a structure of directories with a
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								custom function to render a listing of a directory.
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								```js
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								var http = require('http')
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								var fs = require('fs')
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								var parseUrl = require('parseurl')
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								var send = require('send')
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								// Transfer arbitrary files from within /www/example.com/public/*
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								// with a custom handler for directory listing
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								var server = http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
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								  send(req, parseUrl(req).pathname, { index: false, root: '/www/public' })
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								    .once('directory', directory)
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								    .pipe(res)
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								})
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								server.listen(3000)
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								// Custom directory handler
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								function directory (res, path) {
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								  var stream = this
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								  // redirect to trailing slash for consistent url
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								  if (!stream.hasTrailingSlash()) {
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								    return stream.redirect(path)
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								  }
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								  // get directory list
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								  fs.readdir(path, function onReaddir (err, list) {
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								    if (err) return stream.error(err)
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								    // render an index for the directory
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								    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8')
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								    res.end(list.join('\n') + '\n')
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								  })
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								}
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						||
| 
								 | 
							
								```
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								### Serving from a root directory with custom error-handling
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								```js
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								var http = require('http')
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								var parseUrl = require('parseurl')
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								var send = require('send')
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								var server = http.createServer(function onRequest (req, res) {
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  // your custom error-handling logic:
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  function error (err) {
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    res.statusCode = err.status || 500
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    res.end(err.message)
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  }
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  // your custom headers
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  function headers (res, path, stat) {
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    // serve all files for download
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    res.setHeader('Content-Disposition', 'attachment')
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  }
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  // your custom directory handling logic:
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  function redirect () {
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    res.statusCode = 301
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    res.setHeader('Location', req.url + '/')
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    res.end('Redirecting to ' + req.url + '/')
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  }
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  // transfer arbitrary files from within
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  // /www/example.com/public/*
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								  send(req, parseUrl(req).pathname, { root: '/www/public' })
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    .on('error', error)
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    .on('directory', redirect)
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    .on('headers', headers)
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								    .pipe(res)
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								})
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								server.listen(3000)
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								```
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								## License
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[MIT](LICENSE)
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[appveyor-image]: https://badgen.net/appveyor/ci/dougwilson/send/master?label=windows
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[appveyor-url]: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/dougwilson/send
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[coveralls-image]: https://badgen.net/coveralls/c/github/pillarjs/send/master
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/pillarjs/send?branch=master
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[github-actions-ci-image]: https://badgen.net/github/checks/pillarjs/send/master?label=ci
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[github-actions-ci-url]: https://github.com/pillarjs/send/actions?query=workflow%3Aci
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[node-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/node/send
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[node-url]: https://nodejs.org/en/download/
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[npm-downloads-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/dm/send
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/send
							 | 
						||
| 
								 | 
							
								[npm-version-image]: https://badgen.net/npm/v/send
							 |